Chyawanprash: A Traditional Indian Bioactive Health Supplement

Adhatoda vasica Nees Vasicine, Vasicine acetate, aasicinone, aasicoline, 2-acetyl benzyl amine and adhatodine Vasaka, Vasa, Arusa Antiulcer, bronchodilator, expectorant, anti-allergic, cholagogue, cardiovascular and respiratory disorders Aegle marmelos Correa Gallic acid, quercetin, and rutin Bael, Bel Antidiarrheal, gastroprotective, anti-ulcerative, radioprotective Aquilaria agallocha Roxb. Kusunol, jjinkohol, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol, vanillic acid, aquilarone derivatives and phenylethyl chromones Aguru, Akil Antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, carminative, antimicrobial Bambusa arundinacea Willd Oxalic acid, resins, waxes, benzoic acid, taxiphyllin, diferuloyl arabinoxylanhexasaccharide and oligosaccharide Vanshalochana Stimulant, astringent, antiulcer, emmenagogue, aphrodisiac Boerhavia diffusa Linn. Flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, rotenoids, steroids, and triterpenoids Punarnawa, Gadahapuran, Gadahbindo Antiaging, antioxidant, antipyretic, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, hematinic Cinnamomum tamala Nees and Ebrrn. Essential oil, camphor, linalool, p-cymene, o-cymene, and 1,8-cineole, Jeolikote, (E)-cinnamaldehyde, (E)-cinnamyl acetate, (E)-innamaldehyde, 1,8-cineol, and eugenol Tejpat, Tejpatra Stimulant, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antidepressant, anticancer, digestive, hepatoprotective Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn α-bergamotene, α -copaene, α – humulene, δ-cadinene, tetradecanol and viridiflorene, Linalool, eugenol, β –caryophyllene, (E)-cinnamaldehyde, α -terpineol, (E)-cinnamyl acetate, (E)- caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, α –cadinol, tetradecanal and globulol Dalchini Hematinic, gastroprotective, antinociceptive, digestive, appetizer, hepatoprotective Curcuma zedoaria Rose. 8,9-dehydro9-formyl-cycloisolongifolene, 6-ethenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethyl-5-isopropenyl-trans-benzofuran, eucalyptol and γ-elemene Kachur, Ban haldi, narkachur Antidiarrheal, tonic, stimulant, useful in flatulence and dyspepsia Cyperus rotundus Linn. Amentoflavone, ginkgetin, isoginkgetin, sciadopitysin, Cyperene, Humulen and Selinene, Zierone, Campholenic Aldehyde, Pinene, Longiverbenone, Vatirenene, Copaene, Limonene, Terpineol, Azulene, Selinene, Myrtenol, Calacorene, Fokienol, Isogermacrene D, and Isolongifolene Nagarmotha, Mustak, Musta Stimulant, hepatoprotective, stomachic, diuretic, antispasmodic, carminative, emmenagogue, anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic Desmodium gangetium DC Pennel N-dimenthyltryltryptamine, Hypaphorine, hordenine, caudicine, Gangetin-3H, Gangetinin and desmodin Shalparni, Sarivan General debility, fatigue, neuroprotective, cardiovascular and respiratory disorders Elettaria cardamomum Maton 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate, sabinene, 4-terpinen-4-ol, and myrcene Elaichi, Cardamom Stimulant, stomachic, tonic, appetizer, useful in nausea, heartburn and intestinal spasms Emblica officinalis Gaertn. Galic acid, ellagic acid, 1-O galloyl-beta-D-glucose, 3,6-di-O-galloyl- D-glucose, chebulinic acid, quercetin, chebulagic acid, corilagin, 1,6- di-O -galloyl beta-D-glucose, 3-Ethylgallic acid, and isostrictiniin Amalaki, Amla, Indian Gooseberry Immunomodulatory, rejuvenative, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, cardiotonic, enhance general vitality, cognition and promotes longevity Gmelina arborea Roxb. (Z)-3-hexenol, 1-octen-3-ol, hexanol, heptacosane, pentacosane, 1-pentacosene, nonanal and (E)-2-decenal Gambhari, Gamhar, Kashmarya Promotes virility, strength and lactation Inula racemose Hook. Eudesmanolide, elemanolide, germacranolide, sesquicaranolide, guainolide, humulane, and heptadeca-1,8,11,14-tetraene Pushkarmul Antihistaminic, bronchodilator, cures cough, cold, asthma and flank pain. Leptadenia reticulata Wight and Am. α & β amyrin, ferulic acid, luteolin, diosmetin, rutin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, hentriacontanol, simiarenol, apigenin, reticulin, deniculatin, leptaculatin, lupanol 3-O diglucoside, leptidine 1, luteolin, and diosmtin Jivanti Stimulant, restorative, nutrient, anticancer, aphrodisiac, improves vision, immunity and life expectancy Martynia diandra Glox. Pelargonidin-3-5-diglucoside, cyanidin-3- galactoside, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, gentisic acid, arachidic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, apigenin, apigenin-7-o-glucuronide Ulatkanta Hepatotonic, cholagogue, laxative, anorexia, indigestion, constipation Mesua ferrea Linn. Mesuaferrin A, mesuaferrin B, mesuaferrin C, caloxanthone C, macluraxanthone, 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone and tovopyrifolin C Nagakesar Antitoxic, cardiotonic, carminative, digestive, relieves urinary tract disorders, gout and swelling Nelumbium speciosum Willd. Liensinine, isoliensinine, neferine, nuciferine, Rutin, Hyperin, Demethylcocaluerine, Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide, (+)-1(R)-coclaurine, (−)-1(S)-norcoclaurine, Linalool, Luteolin glucoside, Dehydroanonaine, Anonaine, Armepavine, Asimilobine, Lirinidine, β-sitosterol, Liriodenine, Nornuciferine Quercetin, Dehydronuciferine, N Dehydroemerine, Isoquercitrin, methylcoclaurine, N-methylasimilobine, Roemerin, N-norarmepavine, N-methylisococlaurine, Kaempferol and derivatives Sahasrapatra, Neelkamal Nourishing, cardiotonic, calming, promotes strength and relieves bleeding disorders viz. epistaxis, hemoptysis, hematuria, and menorrhagia Oroxylum indicum Vent. Baicalein, biochanin a, 8, 8’ bis-baicalein, chrysin, ellagic acid, 6–hydroxy luteolin, oroxylin a, oroxoloside methyl ester, β-sitosterol, scuttellarien, ursolic acid, chrysin-7-ogentiobioside, baicalein-7-odiglucoside, scutellarein-7-o-glucopyranoside, aequinetin, chrysin-6-c-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8- c-α-l arabinopyranoside, pinocembrin, pinobanksin, lupeol, 2α-hydroxyl lupeol, echinulin, adenosine, and dimethyl sulfone Aralu, bhut-vriksha, Shyonak General weakness, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, nephroprotective, cardiotonic Phaseolus trilobus α- pinene, carvone, pulgeone, dalbergioidin, kievitone, phaseollidin, flavonoid glycosides viz quercetin, kaempferol, vitexin, and isovitexin Mudagparni Tonic, aphrodisiac, mild sedative, antioxidant, promote strength, improves semen and sperm quantity Phyllanthus niruri Linn. Rutin, quercetin, gallocatechin, nirurin, nruriflavone, quercetol, astragalin, quercitrin, limonene, p-Cymene, lupeol, ellagic acid, gallic acid, elligitannin, hexahydroxyldiphenoyl moiety and methyl brevifolincarboxylate, phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, niranthin, lintetralin, phyltetralin, nirtetralin, and isolintetralin Bhumyamalaki, Bhumi-awala Antioxidant, cholagogue, laxative, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antiviral Piper longum Linn. Carboxylic acids and derivatives, cinnamic acids and derivatives, isoflavonoids, napthalenes, oxanes, phenanthrenes and derivatives, phenol ethers, phenylpropanoic acids, pteridines and derivatives, pyridines and derivatives and steroid and its derivatives PippaIi Antitussive, stimulant, bronchodilator, tonic, bioavailability enhancer, carminative, relieves respiratory infections and hepatitis Pistacia integerrima Stewart-ex Brandis β-pinene, sabinene, α-pinene and limonene while terpinen-4-ol, α-terpinol, α-pinene, Pistacienoic acids, Hydroxydecanyl arachidate, Octadecan-9, 11-diol-7-one, β-Sitosterol, and Pisticialanstenoic acid Kakdasingi Bronchodilator, expectorant, carminative, antitussive, digestive, cholagogue Premna illtegrifolia Linn. p-methoxy cinnamic acid, linalool, linoleic acid, β-sitosterol, luteolin, iridoid glycoside, premnine, ganiarine, ganikarine, premnazole, aphelandrine, betulin, caryophellen, premnenol, premna spirodiene, and clerodendrin-A Arni, Agnimanth Laxative, antitussive, digestive Pterocarpus santalinus Santalin A, B, and Y, pterocarptriol, isopterocarpalone, pterocarpodiolones, β-eudesmol, cryptomeridiol, sesquiterpenes, β-sitosterol, lupeol, epicatechin, lignans, pterostilbenes, cinnamic acid, acetophenones, phenylacetic acid, lignans, coumarins, benzophenones, xanthones, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, gentisic acid, α and β resorcylic acid, and vanillic acid Raktachandan Tonic, aphrodisiac, antipyretic, anti-hyperglycemic, diaphoretic anticancer, protective and antimicrobial effect on genitourinary and bronchial tract mucosa Sesamum indicum Linn. (+)-samin, (-)-asarinin, sesamol, (+)-sesamolin, (+)-sesamin, (+)-(7S,80R,8R)-acuminatolide, (-)-piperitol, and (+)-pinoresinol Tiltaila, Sesame oil Nutritive, demulcent, aphrodisiac, antioxidant, wound healing, radioprotective, anti-inflammatory Sida cordifolia Linn. Ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, sterculic, malvalic, coronaric acid, betaphenethylamine, hypaphorine, ecdysterone, indole alkaloids, palmitic, stearic and β–sitosterol Bala, Bariyara Cardiotonic, aphrodisiac, strength/vitality promoter Solanum indicum Linn. Indiosides A, B, C, D, F, Protodioscin, Carpesterol, Isoanguivine, Solanidine, Solasodine, Solamargine, Solavetivone, Solafuranone, Scopoletin, N-p-trans-Coumaroyltyramine, N-Trans-Feruloyltyramine, 7-Hydroxy-6,8-Dimethoxy-3-(40-Hydroxy-30-Methoxyphenyl)-Coumarin, Isofraxidin, Fraxetin, Indicumine A, B, C, D, F, Arteminorin, Cleosandrin, 4, 4’-biisofraxidin, β-Sitosterol, Daucosterol, Diosgenin, Lanosterol, Trilinolein, Oleodilinolin, and Palmitodilinolin Brihati, Barikateri, Vanbhanta Cardiotonic, astringent, carminative and digestive Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. and Wendi. Lupeol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, β-sitosterol, campesterol, ergosterol, withanolide B Kantakaari, Chotikateri Mucolytic, expectorant, anti-allergic, bronchodilator and relieves flu Stereospermum suaveolens Prodr. Sterekunthal B, sterochenol A&B, lapachol, dehdro-a-lapachone, apigenin, scutellarein, sterolensin, dinatin, and dinatin-7-glucuroniside Paatla Tonic, digestive, cardiotonic, anti-inflammatory, blood purifier, antianemic Teramnus labialis Spreng. Vitexin, bergenin, daidzin and 3-O-methyl-D-chiro–inositol Mashaparni Improves vigor and virility, aphrodisiac, relieves debility and fatigue Terminalia chebula Retz. Chebulin, ellagic acid, 2,4-chebulyl-D-glucopyranose, arjunglucoside I, arjungenin, chebulinic acid, gallic acid, ethyl gallate, punicalagin, terflavin A, terchebin, luteolin and tannic acid Harad, Haritaki Neurotrophic, rejuvenative, carminative anthelmintic, nervine tonic, appetite stimulant Tinospora cordifolia Tinosporine, tinosporide, tinosporaside, cordifolide, cordifol, heptacosanol, clerodane furano diterpene, diterpenoid furano lactone, tinosporidine, columbin, b-sitosterol, Berberine, palmatine, tembertarine, magniflorine, choline and tinosporin Guduchi, Chinnodbhava General tonic, immunomodulator, cytoprotective, genoprotective, adaptogenic Tribulus terrestris Linn. Tigogenin, neotigogenin, gitogenin, neogitogenin, hecogenin, neohecogenin, diosgenin, chlorogenin, ruscogenin, sarsasapogenin, protodioscin protogracillin, kaempferol, kaempferol-3-glucoside, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, tribuloside, quercetin 3-O-glycoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol 3-O-glycoside Gokhru, Gokshur Aphrodisiac, mood elevator, diuretic and cardiotonic Uraria picta Desv. 5, 7-dihydroxy-2’-methoxy-3’, 4’- methylenedioxyisofla-vanone, and 4’, 5’-dihydroxy-2’, 3’-dimethoxy-7-(5-hydroxychromen-7yl)-isoflavan-one, isoflavanones, triterpenes and steroids Prishnaparni, Pithawan General weakness, nervine tonic, cardiovascular disorders Vitis vinifera Linn. Oleanolic and betulinic acids, stilbenoid, daucosterol, E-resveratrol, E-ε-viniferin, (-)-epicatechin, catechin, gallocatechin, 6′-O-acyldaucosterols, 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl glycerols, gallic acid, p-coumaric, caffeic and ferulic acids, anthocyanidin-3-O-glucosides, malvidin-3-O-glucoside, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside Draaksha, Munnakka Nutritive, aphrodisiac, cardiotonic, diuretic, demulcent, laxative, hepatoprotective, cures thirst and asthma Indian Cow Ghee Monounsaturated fats, conjugated linoleic acid, antioxidants, vitamins A, E, D, K, and beta carotene Go-ghrita Nutritive, antioxidant, strengthens the immunity, anticancer, improves overall physical and mental strength Natural honey (derived from honey bees) Phenolics (e.g., gallic, syringic, benzoic, transcinnamic, protocatechuic, p-coumaric, caffeic acids), Flavonoids (e.g., catechin, kaempferol, naringenin, luteolin, pinostrobin, apigenin), fructose, oligosaccharides (palatinose, isomaltose and alpha-cyclodextrin), carotenoids, cholines, kynurenic acid, enzymes (glucose oxidase, diastase, invertase, phosphatase, catalase peroxidase), vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, C, phyllochinon), minerals/trace elements (Na, Ca, K, Fe, Mg, P, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, S, B, Se, Mo, Co, F, I, Si) Madhu Anti-infective, immunomodulator, wound healing, antioxidant, antiaging, relieves cough and cold, antiseptic, sore throat, antiulcer Sugar candy Disaccharides (sucrose) Sharkara Sweetener, provides calories/energy Asparagus racemosus Willd Shatvarin I to VI, oligospirostanoside, aspargamine A, dihydrophenantherene, racemofuran, quercitin, rutin, hyperoside, sitosterol, 4, 6-dihydryxy-2-O (-2-hydroxy isobutyl) benzaldehyde, undecanyl cetanoate, sarsapogenin, γ-linoleinic acids, diosgenin, and quercetin 3-glucourbnides Shatavari, Shatavar Aphrodisiac, nutritive, galactogogue, tonic, antiulcer, antioxidant, good for eyes Dioscorea bulbifera Linn. Dioscoreanoside A-K, diosbulbisin A-D, diosbulbisides A-C, diosgenin, sinodiosgenin, diosbulbin A-P, 8-epidiosbulbin E acetate, Bafoudiosbulbin A-G, quercetin-3-O-β-dglucopyranoside, neoxanthin, β-sitosterol, catechin, vanillic acid, isovanillic acid and glycoside derivatives Varahikand, Varahi Aphrodisiac, antiulcer, tonic, promotes vigor and strength Ipomoea digitata Linn. Taraxerol, taraxerol acetate, N-butyl-β-Dfructopyranoside, octadecyl (E)-p-coumarate, umbelliferone, scopoletin, scopolin, scoparone, scopoletin and taraxerol Vidaarikand Aphrodisiac, antioxidant, galactogogue, nervine tonic, relieves debility and spermatorrhea Withania somnifera Dunal Cuscohygrine, anahygrine, tropine, pseudotropine, anaferine, isopelletierine, withananine, withananinine, pseudo-withanine, somnine, somniferine, somniferinine, withanine, withasomnine, visamine, chlorogenic acid, and withaferin A Ashwagandha, Asgandh Aphrodisiac, adaptogenic, antioxidant, cytoprotective, neuroprotective, nootropic, antistress, promotes strength Special Additives Abhraka Bhasma Ayurvedic nanosized mineral preparation of incinerated biotite mica, Nature of compound: multimineral cocktail Abhraka Bhasma General debility, aphrodisiac. cardiotonic, cellular regenerator, useful in digestive impairment, malabsorption syndrome, asthma and cough Shukti Bhasma Ayurvedic nanosized mineral preparation of calcined Pearl oyster, Nature of compound: Calcium Carbonate Shukti Bhasma Antacid, antiarrhythmic, antihistaminic calcium supplement, neurotrophic, cardiotonic and promotes bone strength Shringa Bhasma Ayurvedic nanosized preparation of calcined Deer horn, Nature of compound: Calcium Phosphate Shringa Bhasma Expectorant, effective in pleurisy, pneumonia, tuberculosis, productive cough Siddha Makardhawaja Ayurvedic metallo-mineral preparation having purified and processed gold, mercury and sulphur in 1:8:24 ratio, Nature of compound: HgS (with nanotraces of gold) Makardhawaja Antiaging, aphrodisiac, cardiovascular tonic, help to cure male impotency, erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation Eugenia caryophyllus Linn. Acetyl eugenol, β-caryophyllene, vanillin, crategolic acid, bicornin, methyl salicylate, gallotannic acid, seugenin, rhamnetin, kaempferol, eugenitin, triterpenoids, oleanolic acid, campesterol, stigmasterol, sesquiterpenes, etc. Loung, Clove Antiseptic, antimicrobial, aromatic, stimulant and anti-inflammatory

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